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Medicago sativa  L.

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Medicago sativa L.

English Name

:

Alfalfa

Synonym(s)

:

Medicago caerulea var. pauciflora; Medicago karatschaica; Medicago lavrenkoi; Medicago pauciflora; Medicago sativa var. pilifera

Family

:

Fabaceae

 

General Info

Description

Alfalfa is a perennial herb. It grows to a height of a foot or more. The erect, smooth stem grows from an elongated taproot. The flowers are blue to purple. It produces a characteristic spirally coiled seed pods.

Herb Effects

Tonic, Antifungal, Laxative, Diuretic, Detoxifier, Anti-inflammatory, Febrifuge, Hepatoprotective, Digestive, Nutritive, Anodyne, Anti-Arthritic

Links

Tropical Plant Database
Medicago sativa L.
Tropical Forages
Plants for a Future
The American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

3'-Methoxycoumestrol, 3-Methylbutanol, -O-Methylcoumestrol 4-Amino-Butyric-Acid, 11,12-Dimethoxy-7-Hydroxycoumestin, Adenine, Alfalfone, Alpha-Spinasterol, Alpha-Tocopherol, Arabinose, Beta-sitosterol, Betaine, Biochanin-A, Butanone, Campesterol, Chlorophyllide-A, Choline, Coumestrol, Cryptoxanthin, Cycloartenol, Daidzen, Daphnoretin, Formononetin , Genistein, Hederagenin, Hentriacontane, Hypoxanthine, L-Stachydrine, Limonene, Lucernol, Lutein, Malic-acid, Malonic-acid, Medicagenic-acid, Medicagol, Niacin, Octacosanol, Oxalic, Pectin, Pectinase, Quinic-acid, Riboflavin, Sativol,Shikimic-acid, Soyasapogenols, Stachydrine, Stigmasterol, Succinic-acid,Triacontanol, Trifoliol, Trigonelline, Trimethylamine, Tryptophan, Violaxanthin, Vit-E, Vit-K, Xanthophylls, Xylose, Zeaxanthin

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
3-Methylbutanol 6423-06-9 3-methylbutan-1-ol C5H12O Click Here To Enlarge
Adenine 5426-35-7 7H-purin-6-amine C5H5N5 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Spinasterol 481-18-5 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-hept-3-en-2-yl)-10,
13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,
6,9,11,12, 14,15,16
,17-dodecahydro-1H-c
yclopenta[a]phenanth
ren-3-ol
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Tocopherol 364-50-1 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol
C30H52O2 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Betaine 590-47-6 carboxymethyl-trimet
hyl-ammonium
hydroxide
C5H13NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Biochanin-A 491-80-5 4,5-dihydroxy-3-(4-m
ethoxyphenyl)-chrome
n-7-one
C16H12O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Butanone 78-93-3 butan-2-one C4H8O Click Here To Enlarge
Campesterol 474-62-4 17-(5,6-dimethylhept
an-2-yl)-10,13-dimet
hyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,1
2,14,15,16 ,17-dode
cahydro-1H-cyclopent
a[a]phenanthren-3-ol
C28H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Coumestrol Not Available Not Available C15H8O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Cryptoxanthin 472-70-8 3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[3
,7,12,16-tetramethyl
-18-(2,6,6-trimethyl
-1-cyclohe xenyl)-o
ctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11
,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-
cyclohex-3-en-1-ol
C40H56O Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloartenol Not Available Not Available C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Daphnoretin 2034-69-7 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-
3-(2-oxochromen-7-yl
)oxy-chromen-7-one
C19H12O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Formononetin 485-72-3 4-hydroxy-3-(4-metho
xyphenyl)-chromen-7-
one
C16H12O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Genistein 446-72-0 4,5-dihydroxy-3-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-chrome
n-7-one
C15H10O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Hederagenin 465-99-6 10-hydroxy-9-(hydrox
ymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9
,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,
4,5,6,6a,7 ,8,8a,10
,11,12,13,14b-tetrad
ecahydropicene-4a-ca
rboxylic acid
C30H48O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Hentriacontane 630-04-6 hentriacontane C31H64 Click Here To Enlarge
Hypoxanthine Not Available 3,7-dihydropurin-6-o
ne
C5H4N4O Click Here To Enlarge
Limonene 9003-73-0 1-methyl-4-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohexene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Lutein 34445-91-5 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-2
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Malic acid Not Available 2-hydroxybutanedioic
acid
C4H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Malonic acid 926-71-6 propanedioic acid C3H4O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Medicagenic acid 599-07-5 2,3-dihydroxy-4,6a,6
b,11,11,14b-hexameth
yl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,
9,10,12,12 a,14,14a
-tetradecahydropicen
e-4,8a-dicarboxylic
acid
C30H46O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Medicagol 1983-72-8 Not Available C16H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Octacosanol 67905-27-5 octacosan-1-ol C28H58O Click Here To Enlarge
Sativol 7331-58-0 Not Available C16H10O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Trifoliol 1857-26-7 Not Available C16H10O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Violaxanthin 126-29-4 6-[18-(3-hydroxy-1,5
,5-trimethyl-7-oxabi
cyclo[4.1.0]hept-6-y
l)-3,7,12, 16-tetra
methyl-octadeca-1,3,
5,7,9,11,13,15,17-no
naenyl]-1,5,5-trimet
hy l-7-oxabicyclo[4
.1.0]heptan-3-ol
C40H56O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Zeaxanthin Not Available 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-3
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Overall tonic and appetite stimulant (stomach disorders, arthritis); treat urinary tract infections, kidney, bladder and prostrate disorders; heart problems (leaves in juice form); respitory dysfunctions (chlorophyll); are used as a nutritive tonic to stimulate the appetite, in the treatment of earache, to encourage the clotting of blood and promote weight gain (leaves); has an oestrogenic action and useful in treating problems related to menstruation and the menopause (plant); in the treatment of gravel (plant juice); taken internally for debility in convalescence or anaemia, haemorrhage, menopausal complaints, pre-menstrual tension, fibroids etc (plant); in cases of highly coloured urine (root).

Contraindication

Seeds should not be ingested during pregnancy or lactation. Flatulence, abdominal discomfort, loose stools, diarrhea, and loss of appetite may result from ingesting large amounts of alfalfa seeds. (120 g/day).

Reference

Johnson Timothy. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference (www.herbweb.com/herbage).


Phytochemical Database. USDA - ARS - NGRL. Beltsville Agricultural Research Center. Beltsville. Maryland.

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